一种低复杂度的鲁棒自适应波束形成算法

传统基于干扰噪声协方差矩阵（interference-plus-noise covariance matrix,INCM）重构的鲁棒自适应波束形成（robust adaptive beamformer,RAB）算法在多种样本数据协方差矩阵误差和信号导向向量误差的失配环境中具有较强的鲁棒性,但目前主流的INCM重构法都是对信号和干扰的导向向量通过建立凸优化模型来估计,这带来了很高的计算复杂度。为了解决这个问题,提出了一种低复杂度的基于INCM重构的RAB算法。该算法首先将干扰信号的导向向量分解为对应标称项和误差项的和,然后通过一种子空间方法估计得到误差项的单位向量。接下来对一个Capon空间谱功率最大问题进行求解,得到误差项的模值,以此得到重构的INCM。同时利用Capon空间谱中残差噪声的存在,使用交替投影法估计得到期望信号的导向向量,最后得到所提算法的权重向量。仿真实验表明所提算法在多种误差环境下具有较强鲁棒性的同时,还具有较低的计算复杂度。     

基于振动信号的水电机组状态劣化在线评估方法研究

实现水电机组状态劣化评估和故障预警是行业研究的热点。论文提出了一种结合时域与频域特征的机组劣化在线评估方法。(1)先利用检测指数确定振动信号中对机组运行状态最为敏感的时域特征;再以机组健康状态下工况参数X(水头、开度等)和检测指数筛选的振动信号时域特征Y为健康样本,利用最小二乘支持向量机构建机组状态健康模型Y=f(X)。基于该模型,以实时工况参数为输入,在线预测对应工况下机组振动信号时域特征健康值,计算健康值与实际值之间的相对误差,作为评估机组劣化程度的时域劣化指标。(2)利用小波变换与奇异值理论对振动信号进行分解,提取健康状态下机组振动信号奇异值特征向量并得到健康聚类中心,实时计算实测信号奇异值特征向量与健康聚类中心之间的相对欧式距离,作为频域劣化指标。结合时域和频域劣化指标,在线计算综合劣化指标评估当前时刻机组劣化程度。结合实际机组运行案例,验证了该模型的有效性和实用性。     

汉江中下游水体重金属时空分布及污染评价

为探明汉江中下游水体中重金属的污染状况,分别于2019年6月(丰水期)和2020年1月(枯水期)在汉江中下游选取20个监测断面采集水样,监测水体中Cu、Zn、Pb、Fe、Mn、As、Se和Cd 8种重金属的含量,分析汉江中下游水体中重金属污染的时空分布特征,并对水体重金属污染状况进行评价。结果表明:汉江中下游水体重金属污染以Fe、Mn为主,其他6种重金属浓度均满足地表水Ⅱ类水标准。汉江中下游水体中Fe和Mn含量沿程波动较大,二者变化规律基本一致。Fe和Mn含量最大值在支流竹皮河,其中Fe浓度超标4.63倍,Mn超标13%;此外,位于汉川市的S17断面Fe元素含量超标3.89倍。结合历史数据分析,发现近年来汉江中下游水体重金属含量总体呈上升趋势。评价结果表明,汉江中下游大部分水体水质良好,钟祥市和汉川市是汉江中下游重金属污染相对较重的两个城市,支流竹皮河的水体重金属污染问题需引起重视。     

洪水预报智能模型在中国半干旱半湿润区的应用对比

为探究不同洪水预报智能模型在我国半干旱半湿润区的应用效果,选用决策树、多层感知器、随机森林和支持向量机4种模型在陕西省3个典型流域进行逐时洪水预报;选择相关系数、纳什效率系数、均方根误差、平均绝对误差和相对误差等评价指标,比较不同预见期下4种模型在半干旱半湿润典型流域洪水预报的适用性。结果表明:在短预见期预报中,4种模型在半湿润区典型流域均可获得较高的预报结果,在半干旱典型流域模拟精度相对偏低,仅支持向量机模型满足预报要求;随着预见期延长,不同模型性能变化差异大,支持向量机模型整体稳定,在小流域实时洪水预报中具有明显优势;随机森林模型与决策树模型精度随预见期延长而缓慢下降,前者适应性更好;多层感知器模型精度随预见期延长而骤减,模型稳定性较差。     

面向征信数据安全共享的SVM训练机制

在征信行业中,征信数据的丰富性和多样性对信用评价极为重要.然而,征信机构尤其是小型征信机构拥有的征信数据存在内容不完整、种类不全、数量不充足等问题.同时由于征信数据价值高、隐私性强、易被非授权复制,征信机构之间难以直接共享数据.针对这一问题,本文提出了面向征信数据安全共享的SVM训练机制.首先共享数据经同态加密后存储在区块链上,保证数据不可篡改以及隐私安全.其次使用基于安全多方计算的支持向量机(SVM)在共享的加密数据上进行运算,保证在不泄露原始数据的条件下,训练信用评价模型.最后,通过真实数据集上的实验对本文所提出机制的可用性和性能进行验证.实验结果显示,相比于基于明文数据集训练出的模型,本文提出的机制在可接受时间内训练出的模型无准确率损失.同时,与其他同类隐私训练方案相比,本机制在实验数据集.上的计算耗时小于对比实验的5%,且无需可信第三方协助计算.     

An evolutionary lion optimization algorithm‐based image compression technique for biomedical applications

Recently, medical image compression becomes essential to effectively handle large amounts of medical data for storage and communication purposes. Vector quantization (VQ) is a popular image compression technique, and the commonly used VQ model is Linde–Buzo–Gray (LBG) that constructs a local optimal codebook to compress images. The codebook construction was considered as an optimization problem, and a bioinspired algorithm was employed to solve it. This article proposed a VQ codebook construction approach called the L2‐LBG method utilizing the Lion optimization algorithm (LOA) and Lempel Ziv Markov chain Algorithm (LZMA). Once LOA constructed the codebook, LZMA was applied to compress the index table and further increase the compression performance of the LOA. A set of experimentation has been carried out using the benchmark medical images, and a comparative analysis was conducted with Cuckoo Search‐based LBG (CS‐LBG), Firefly‐based LBG (FF‐LBG) and JPEG2000. The compression efficiency of the presented model was validated in terms of compression ratio (CR), compression factor (CF), bit rate, and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). The proposed L2‐LBG method obtained a higher CR of 0.3425375 and PSNR value of 52.62459 compared to CS‐LBG, FA‐LBG, and JPEG2000 methods. The experimental values revealed that the L2‐LBG process yielded effective compression performance with a better‐quality reconstructed image.     

一种基于无功功率的感应电动机复合转速辨识方法

针对基于无功功率的模型参考自适应转速辨识法在动态过程中存在的收敛慢问题,提出了一种基于无功功率的复合转速辨识方法,即将基于无功功率的直接计算法和MRAS转速辨识法相结合的方法。实验结果证明,该方法既具有直接计算法的快速跟随能力,又有MRAS转速辨识法的强抗干扰能力,且算法简单,所用电动机参数少,容易在工程中实现。     

基于半监督学习和支持向量机的煤与瓦斯突出预测研究

针对支持向量机要求输入向量为已标记样本,而实际应用中已标记样本很难获取的问题,提出将半监督学习和支持向量机结合的煤与瓦斯突出预测方法;介绍了采用SVM预测煤与瓦斯突出的流程及其输入向量的选择;对半监督学习中的协同训练算法进行了改进:在同一属性集上训练2个不同分类器SVM和KNN,将2个分类器标记一致的样本加入训练集,从而充分利用未标记样本不断补充信息,更新训练集标记样本,达到强化训练集的目的。测试结果表明,改进后的算法比单独的支持向量机预测方法准确率更高。     

SVM-based ontology matching approach

There are a lot of heterogeneous ontologies in semantic web, and the task of ontology mapping is to find their semantic relationship. There are integrated methods that only simply combine the similarity values which are used in current multi-strategy ontology mapping. The semantic information is not included in them and a lot of manual intervention is also needed, so it leads to that some factual mapping relations are missed. Addressing this issue, the work presented in this paper puts forward an ontology matching approach, which uses multi-strategy mapping technique to carry on similarity iterative computation and explores both linguistic and structural similarity. Our approach takes different similarities into one whole, as a similarity cube. By cutting operation, similarity vectors are obtained, which form the similarity space, and by this way, mapping discovery can be converted into binary classification. Support vector machine (SVM) has good generalization ability and can obtain best compromise between complexity of model and learning capability when solving small samples and the nonlinear problem. Because of the said reason, we employ SVM in our approach. For making full use of the information of ontology, our implementation and experimental results used a common dataset to demonstrate the effectiveness of the mapping approach. It ensures the recall ration while improving the quality of mapping results.     

Entropy/cross entropy-based group decision making under intuitionistic fuzzy environment

We study the group decision making problem under intuitionistic fuzzy environment. Based on entropy and cross entropy, we give two methods to determine the optimal weights of attributes, and develop two pairs of entropy and cross entropy measures for intuitionistic fuzzy values. Then, we discuss the properties of these measures and the relations between them and the existing ones. Furthermore, we introduce three new aggregation operators, which treat the membership and non-membership information fairly, to aggregate intuitionistic fuzzy information. Finally, several practical examples are presented to illustrate the developed methods.